Six Lenses

   
 

The technique of looking at an organization through different kinds of “lenses” was suggested by Dee Hock as a way of:

  • Freeing oneself from preconceptions of how enterprises needed to be organized,
  • Encouraging creativity in thinking about how deeper human values could be embedded into the very structure of our institutions, and
  • Providing a rigorous design tool for the development of new organizational forms.

As outlined by Hock in the prologue to his book, Birth of the Chaordic Age, one would first “look” at the organization through lens of purpose, then take each other lens in turn, moving in a clockwise rotation. As he put it, “Forming a chaordic organization begins with an intensive Six lensessearch for Purpose, then proceeds to Principles, [Participants], and Concept, and only then to [Agreements] and Practice. It can’t be done well as a linear process. Each of the six elements can be thought of as a perspective, a sort of “lens” through which participants examine the circumstances giving rise to the need for a new concept of organization and what it might become.”

The fact that the lenses fall into a sequence but that the process is also highly nonlinear is often difficult to understand. It is that, as Hock observes, “Every part of the process illuminates all subsequent and preceding parts, allowing each to be constantly revised and improved.”

Each lens may focus on a particular aspect of the organization, but never to the exclusion of the rest.

When looking through the Principles lens, for example, we still see the need for an organizational concept and legal agreements, and we take time to assess how consistent our current thinking is with the principles that we want embedded in the organization. How principled are the agreements?

Similarly, when looking through the Agreements lens, we can assess which statements of principle are suitable for inclusion in legal documents and which are still too “fuzzy” or imprecise. We spend time identifying the degree to which a principle we’ve uncovered is meant to be a strongly binding parameter for actions, or something more aspirational, setting a tone or a direction. What is the nature of the agreement about the principles?

All of these questions are important, of course, and the clearer one set of answers becomes, the easier it is to be clear about the other sets of answers. The work in a given lens is not complete until the work in all lenses is has been completed.

The following summaries of the various lenses are drawn from the Chaordic Commons website. Used with permission.

Purpose A clear, simple statement, understood and shared by all, of that which would come into being if all objectives were achieved. That which identifies and binds the community together as worthy of commitment and personal effort. An unambiguous vision or concept of the future.
Principles The behavioural aspirations of the community. A clear, simple statement of fundamental beliefs shared by all with respect to the structure, means and conduct by which the purpose will be pursued. The fundamental beliefs against which all subsequent decisions and actions will be judged, dealing with such matters as vesting of power, distribution of benefits and conditions of governance. Must have a high degree of ethical and moral content, which does not prescribe behaviour but guides it.
Participants The initial members of the community and the leadership essential to effective initiation and evolution of the purpose, principles and structure.
Concept A general view of the best possible institutional embodiment of purpose and principles. A perception of structure which could be trusted to be just, effective and equitable with respect to all discussions, decisions and acts in pursuit of purpose in accordance with principles. A perception of eligibility, rights and obligations of participants in the community. A general picture of the desired relationships.
Agreements The specific anatomy of the organisation. Details of ownership, voting rights, leadership, methods and methods of deliberations, decisions and acts. The contract of rights and obligations between all members of the community. The details of the embodiment of purpose and principles, usually in the form of a charter and constitution or certificate of incorporation and by-laws.
Practices

The deliberations, decisions and acts of all members of the community acting within the structure in pursuit of their common purpose in accordance with their principles.

Topics

  • Six Lenses

Summaries

Notes

  • Purpose
  • Principles
  • Participants
  • Concept
  • Agreements
  • Practices

Other